Ọrịa nke thyroid gland na-eme ụmụ nwanyị ihe dị ka ugboro 10 karịa karịa ụmụ nwoke. Ndị òtù ahụ nwere nsogbu gụnyere ụmụ nwanyị ndị dị afọ 30-50.
Ihe kpatara ọrịa thyroid
Enweghị ike na nzuzo na-akpata ọtụtụ ihe. Ihe kachasị akpata ọrịa thyroid bụ:
- ebe obibi (ọtụtụ nkwụsịtụ na-emekarị n'ugwu na ụfọdụ ebe etiti Eshia, na ọ dịkarịghị na ndị bi na mpaghara mmiri);
- ọnọdụ obibi;
- nri mmadu;
- ọrịa nke tract gastrointestinal;
- ọrịa;
- nrụgide;
- pathology nke ọzọ endocrine akụkụ;
- mmerụ nke mpaghara mpaghara ahụ;
- ịkwa iko;
- ime ime.
Ihe ịrịba ama nke ọrịa thyroid
Mgbaàmà nke ịrịa ọrịa thyroid na-adabere n'ụdị ọrịa ahụ, ọ bụ ezie na ha nwere ụfọdụ myirịta. Ọtụtụ na e nwere ndị dị otú ahụ thyroid ọrịa dị ka:
- hyperthyroidism;
- hypothyroidism;
- nodular goiter;
- autoimmune thyroiditis;
- igwe;
- cancer.
Ka anyị tụlee ihe ndị bụ isi na-egosi ọrịa ndị a na-emepụta ihe dị n'ime ụlọ.
Hyperthyroidism
Hyperthyroidism bụ mmepụta nke hormones thyroid. Site na "nsi" ha nke na-eme ka ọ dịkwuo njọ ma na-emewanyewanye usoro usoro metabolic. N'okwu a, a na-ahụ onye ọrịa ahụ:
- mgbasasị;
- ọsụsọ;
- ụba obi, ụda ume;
- oké egwu.
Ihe na - esi na mmebi nke carbohydrate metabolism bụ mgbe mmepe nke ụdị ọrịa shuga 2.
Hypothyroidism
Hypothyroidism - ọnụ na ọrụ nke thyroid gland ruru ka iodine erughi na ahu na anomalies na mmepe. N'ihi na hypothyroidism bụ njirimara:
- ike mgbe nile, ike nke ike ;
- obere mkpụrụ, obere (mgbe ụfọdụ elu) nrụgide;
- belata ikike ikike, ncheta;
- pallor na oke akọrọ nke akpụkpọ ahụ;
- nhazi;
- ọzịza;
- oke ibu;
- njigide;
- ọnwụ ntutu;
- ụda ntị;
- njupụta nke olu;
- mmebi nke oge nsọ nwanyị na ọmụmụ nwaghi nwanyi, enweghi ike n'ime mmadu.
Autoimmune thyroiditis
Ọrịa na-eme ka ọkpụkpụ gị na-adabere na nchịkọta nke leukocytes n'ime gland. Osisi nke onwe ya na-achọpụta na ọ bụ dị ka onye ọbịa ma bibie ya. N'ihi ya, eji nwayọọ nwayọọ na-ebibi mmiri ọgwụ oyi na-atụ. A na - ejikọta mgbaàmà na mbufụt nke gland. Ndị a bụ:
- ahụmahụ na-egbu mgbu n'olu olu;
- ihe isi ike na ilo;
- imebi iku ume.
A na-ahụ ihe ịrịba ama ndị dị otú ahụ na cancer cancer gị.
Goiter
Ihe omimi nke gland nwere ike imuta ma hyperthyroidism na hypothyroidism. Nodular goiter bụ agụmakwụkwọ dị iche na nhazi ma ọdịdị sitere na anụ ahụ. N'ụzọ dị otú a ịtọọ:
- nchịkọta nke colloid;
- adenoma (benign tumo);
- ọgwụ ọjọọ.
Site n'ọrịa ndị a, a na - akpọgharị ya n'olu n'igbu ya. Nbunye nke dị ukwuu na-atụnye akụkụ ndị dị nso, bụ nke nwere ihe ịrịba ama ndị na-ejikọtaghị ya na ọgwụ gịroid. Ọrịa na-ekpo ọkụ na-esonyere mgbu
Nchoputa nke ọrịa ọrịa thyroid
Ụzọ kachasị mkpa ị ga-esi chọpụta ọrịa ọgwụ thyroid bụ analysis nke ọbara maka nlekota nke TPG (horreone thyreotropic), hormones T3 na T4.
Dị ka ụzọ ndị ọzọ nke nyocha nwere ike isi tinye aka:
- nyocha nke ọbara n'ozuzu;
- nkwekọrịta;
- nyocha ọbara ;
- Ultrasound nke thyroid glands;
- X-ray nke gland;
- ihe omumu ma obu ihe ntanetu anya nke okpu;
- biopsy nke gland;
- nchọpụta radioimmunological na ọtụtụ ụzọ ndị ọzọ.