Ọ bụrụ na ịchọrọ inye ihe ọkụkụ ahụ, ṅaa ntị na osisi actinidia, ịkụ mkpụrụ na ilekọta ya dị mfe. Ọ bụ nke ụdị lianas, na ọdịdị dị ebe nile na Himalaya, China, Japan, na Sakhalin. Aha omenala sitere n'okwu Grik ma pụtara "kpakpando". Ndị na-azụ mkpụrụ wepụtara ụdị dị iche iche na-amị mkpụrụ na ọtụtụ mpaghara Russia.
Actinidia nkọwa
Ihe a na-adọrọ adọrọ bụ omeinidia bụ perennial shrub liana, na-arịgo na-akwado aka elu elu. Ọ na-atọ ụtọ anya na ịma mma ya ma na-adọta àgwà na-agwọ ọrịa nke tomato. Onye ọ bụla maara mkpụrụ nke omeinid delicacy (Chinese) - kiwi. Omenala na-adọta ndi oru ubi na ejiji, ihe ndi ogwu na ndi ozo. Nkowa nkenke banyere omenala:
- Nke a bụ ọdịbendị na-asọ oyi na-agba ọkụ na alaka ndị siri ike, iji nweta mkpụrụ osisi, mkpa nwoke na nwanyị.
- A na-ekpebi mmekọahụ nke Ome site na njirimara: n'elu okooko nwoke na-ejikọta isii ma ọ bụ karịa, na nwanyi ha nọpụrụ iche.
- Akwụkwọ na-acha akpụkpọ anụ, na-ele anya n'akụkụ.
- Osisi na-acha ọcha na-acha ọcha, oroma, ụcha buds, ihe ndị asterisks.
- Osisi dị na Septemba na-enye mkpụrụ osisi na-acha akwụkwọ ndụ na-atọ ụtọ ma na-egbuke egbuke na obere mkpụrụ na okpukpo nke painiapulu. Site na òkè nke vitamin C, beri ahụ karịrị mkpụrụ currant na mkpụrụ citrus.
Agụmakwụkwọ ahụ na-atọ ụtọ ndị na-elekọta ubi n'afọ nile: na oge opupu ihe ubi na-egbuke egbuke, na oge okooko - na-esi ísì ụtọ. N'ọnọdụ ụfọdụ n'August, akwụkwọ ahụ na-aghọ ome odo odo. N'oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ, osisi ahụ na-acha odo odo, na October, akwụkwọ ga-ada. Osisi dị mma maka nhazi ihu ala, ọ na-eje ozi dịka ihe ịchọ mma mara mma maka ngere, oghere, oghere, ụlọ nke ụlọ.
Actinidia - iche
E nwere ọtụtụ ụdị shrubby actinidia, ha dị iche na oge mkpụrụ osisi chara acha, hà tomato na ohia. Ihe kachasị ewu ewu maka ogige ahụ bụ otu nwanyị na arụmụka. A na-ewere ihe kachasị ọnụ ahịa maka ókèala Russia dị ka ụdị onye nkwado, nke sitere n'aka ndị Michurin na Clara Zetkin. Osisi dị ịrịba ama maka eguzogide ntu oyi, ọ na-adị ndụ na -45 Celsius. Oval epupụta nwere ihe magburu onwe ya - 5-10 ụbọchị tupu okooko, efere ahụ na-acha ọcha, mgbe ahụ ọ na-agbazi ụcha. Buds isi ọma, na berry emerald, nwere nnukwu ibu na ụtọ uto.
Arụmụka Actinidia
N'ihe ọ na-eburu ọnọdụ na-eduga, ebe dị elu nke osisi vaịn nwere ike iru 30 mita. Otutu nke ogwe ya dị iche site na 10 ruo 20 centimeters. Arguta mara mma n'osisi osisi, na-enye ha ihe anya. Mkpụrụ nke dịgasị iche iche bụ ndị kachasị n'etiti ndị ikwu niile, yiri obere kiwi, actinidia nke esemokwu nwere okooko osisi ọcha. Mkpụrụ ya na-esi ísì ụtọ dị ka painiapulu, akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ na-acha akwụkwọ ndụ, nke na-egbuke egbuke. Mkpụrụ nke mkpụrụ ahụ bụ gram 6, ọ ga-edozi owuwe ihe ubi ahụ na njedebe nke September, mkpụrụ osisi ahụ chara acha dị ụtọ.
Actinidium Issai
Onwe-pollinating (hermaphroditic) actinidia, ịkụ ma na-elekọta ya adịghị achọ ka ọnụnọ nke nwoke na nwanyị nta ego. Liana na-eto ruo mita 9, na-emepụta ruo afọ 30. Ohia na-agbaghari Ome agba aja aja-acha akwụkwọ ndụ na-acha odo odo, na-acha akwụkwọ ndụ na-acha ọbara ọbara na-acha ọbara ọbara. Akwụkwọ ndị ahụ bụ nnukwu, karama, leathery, velvety. Ihe odide nke efere ahụ bụ oval, ogologo ya dị 17-25 cm. Osisi Actinidium nke Issyi na-agbaze na May-June, ha nwere agba ude, ọdịdị iko, 2.5-5 cm n'obosara. N'etiti October na ohia, e nwere mkpụrụ osisi na-esi ísì ụtọ, n'ime olive, n'èzí kpuchie ya na ntutu isi.
Actinidia Far Eastern
Ụdị osisi dị oyi bụ osisi ahụ bụ Actinidia, ubi nke dị n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ. Ihe ọzọ dị iche iche a na - akpọ Amur gooseberries. Site n'Ebe Ọwụwa Anyanwụ Ụwa a ọdịbendị abịawo n'ubi nke etiti obodo. N'otu ebe ohia na-emeputa ruo afo 50, nwere oge ntozu oke. Ọ nwere agba aja aja, Ome eto ngwa ngwa. Mkpụrụ osisi ahụ dị ogologo, na-adị ndụ, nwere nnukwu agba aja aja. Ha na-atọ ụtọ ụtọ ma na-egbuke egbuke, na-echetara painiapulu, ha nwere akpụkpọ anụ. Liana nwere oké oyi oyi. Dị ka akụkụ nke nwa ebu n'afọ, e nwere usoro ihe ndekọ nke vitamin C, ọ bụ naanị na mmiri elu.
Akwukwo painiapia Actinidia
A na-ewere ihe dị iche iche nke "painiapulu" dị ka ọganihu ngwa ngwa, otu n'ime ihe ndị kachasị mma. Ọ na-eru mita 10 n'ogologo, na-acha ọkụ na okooko osisi na-esi ísì ụtọ na May-June. Mkpụrụ osisi na-eto eto ruo 3 cm n'obosara, ha na-acha akwụkwọ ndụ na-acha uhie uhie, na-atọ ụtọ nke ọma na mmiri na-enye ume ọhụrụ, na-echeta nke kiwi na-esi ísì ụtọ nke painiapulu. Enwere ike iri ha na bee, chara n'onwe ha na October, nke a na-ebugharị. Mkpụrụ dị na tomato dị obere, na nri adịghị eche. N'ihi na pollination chọrọ 1 nwoke osisi nke 6-8 nwanyi.
Actinidia odo odo
Site n'echiche nke ịchọ mma, ụdị odo odo dị iche iche na-adọrọ mmasị. A na-eji ụdị ihe dị otú ahụ eme ihe na-egosi na ọnụnọ nke ị ga-agbanye, nke ruru mita 3. Mgbe ọ na-acha odo odo, kpuchie ya na exfoliating ogbugbo. Akwụkwọ ndị ahụ bụ elliptical, nke nwere ntutu isi oge ụfọdụ, nke nwere mkpịsị aka. Okooko osisi na-acha ọcha na-acha ọcha na-acha ọcha na-acha ọcha snow, ndị ekpokọtara n'ime obere ìgwè.
Ihe kachasị dị iche bụ bred na-acha odo odo na anụ ahụ na-acha odo odo na akpụkpọ ahụ, nke nwere uto uto, na-eru 5 gram. N'oge ịmalite mkpụrụ osisi ahụ, osisi ahụ dị mma - dịka a ga-agbanye chara acha ọbara ọbara n'etiti osisi. Ejiri odo odo di iche iche di iche iche na-adighi ike. Ebe a na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ, oke ọkụ nke ọganihu ya na-aga n'ihu na Kiev.
Actinidia Jumbo
Ịtali dị iche iche na mkpụrụ osisi buru ibu, nke na-atọ ụtọ, nke na-acha odo odo. A na-eri ha na bee, owuwe ihe ubi ahụ na-agwụ n'October. Osisi dị ike, ruo ogologo mita asatọ, a na-agbanye mgbọrọgwụ gburugburu osisi ma ọ bụ gbasaa n'ala, na-eme ka oké ọhịa dị. Ụdị dịgasị iche iche bụ oyi-siri ike, na-agbada na -30 Celsius C, ma ọ dị mkpa ebe nchekwa site na ifufe. Jumbo, n'adịghị ka actinidia hermaphroditic, ọdịdị nke dioecious, maka mkpụrụ osisi na-achọ onye pollinator - ọnụnọ nke ụmụ nwoke na nwanyị. Ha na-anọdụ ala n'akụkụ ọnụ.
Actinidia - ọdịda
Ugbu a, ọ na-ekwe nkwa inwe osisi plantin na ubi, na-akụ ma na-elekọta ya na-eme dị ka agrotechnics mepụtara. Ntughari nke osisi kacha mma na mmiri ma ọ bụ n'oge okpomọkụ. Debe ya n'ụzọ dị irè tinyere oghere nke ogige, tinyere mgbidi ma ọ bụ fences, arbors, curling stalk ga-achọ trellis idozi alaka. Olee otú akụ actinidia:
- na dayameta nke oghere bụ 70 cm, omimi bụ 50-60 cm, anya n'etiti bushes bụ 1.5-2 m;
- ruo na nkume ala dị ala, ntụpọ nchara nke 15 cm;
- ị chọrọ ozugbo ifatilaiza actinidia, n'ihi na akuku ma na-elekọta gị mkpa ngwakọta nke ubi ala na 10 n'arọ nke humus, 200 g nke superphosphate , 50 g nke ammonium nitrate, 80 g nke potassium nnu;
- mgbe mkpụrụ ahụ na-edozi (na ọkara ọnwa), a na-awụnye ihe na-adịghị ọcha site na ala na-eme nri nke na-enweghị ihe na-adịghị ọcha n'elu ngwakọta ngwakọta, a na-akụ mkpụrụ osisi ahụ;
- ala dị nro nke ọma, a na-eji mmiri mmiri 2-3 ebuo ohia ahụ;
- Mkpịsịgwụ mgbọrọgwụ kwesịrị ịdị na ala mgbe ị kụrụ;
- Maka oge mbụ (ụbọchị 14), a na-ekpuchi mkpụrụ osisi ahụ;
- a na- agbaze ala na sawdust ma ọ bụ peat;
- maka actinidia, akuku na ndị nọọsụ na-ekwe omume nakwa n'oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ, ọ dị mkpa iji mejuputa ya maka otu ugbo ugbo uzu ugbo abuo tupu izu mbu. Maka nzube a, seedlings na afọ 2-3 dị mma, ndị okenye nwere ike ịnabata oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ.
Mmeputakwa nke Actinidia
Osisi na-arị elu na-emepụta nanị - taps, osisi, cuttings. Usoro vegetative ga-amị mkpụrụ maka 3-4 afọ. Osisi ahụ, nke toro site na mkpụrụ, ga-enye mkpụrụ mbụ n'ime afọ 7. Isi ụzọ nke ịmụba actinidia:
- Taps. Mgbe mmiri mmiri ozuzo na-abịa na njedebe ma na-eto eto na-egosi, a họrọla oge ịse ọkụ dị oke egwu ma gbadaa ala. A na-awụnye ebe mgbakwunye na ala na ọkwa 15 cm na sawdust. Elu nke oge ịse ahụ kwesịrị ịnọgide n'elu ala. A na-edozi ala ahụ, ahịhịa na-apụ apụ. N'afọ sochirinụ, a ga-ekepụ akụkụ ndị ahụ site na ogwe nne ma gbanye mgbọrọgwụ, na-eji agrotechnics - esi akụ actinidia n'oge opupu ihe ubi.
- Cuttings. Usoro a kachasị. A na-egbutu mkpụrụ osisi na June, a ga-ebipụ ọtụtụ alaka ahụike dịka otu mita. A na-ebelata ngwụsị nke Ome na mmiri, kewara ya na cm 15 cm na abụọ internodes. A na-eme ihe akuku nke mkpụrụ osisi na griin ha n'elu akwa. Na ala, a na-ebute humus na ájá ájá dịka 2: 2: 1 na fatịlaịza ịnweta fatịlaịza (100 grams kwa mita mita). Ihe ọdịiche dị n'agbata nkedo ahụ bụ 5 cm, akụrụ elu kwesịrị ịdị n'elu ala. A na-eme ka mmiri dị ala, n'ihi na ọ dị mkpa iji nlezianya chọọ nlekọta - ha na-ekpuchi epupụta dara, na mmiri nke a kụrụ n'ubi.
- Mkpụrụ. A na-ewepụta ihe maka ịmị mkpụrụ sitere na mkpụrụ ahụ, akpọnwụ. Na December, a na-etinye ha ọkụ ruo ụbọchị 4, debe ha n'ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri na igbe nke ájá. Mkpụrụ chọrọ nlekọta - ha na-esi ísì ụtọ kwa izu ka ha ghara akpọnwụ. Na Jenụwarị, a na-etinye igbe ájá na friji. Na March, a na-ebute ya na ebe okpomọkụ nke 10-12 Celsius C, a nọgidere na-ehicha mkpụrụ na-asacha.
Mgbe ụfọdụ n'ime ha proklyutsya, a na-akụ ọka n'ime ihe ndị nwere mmiri na ájá ájá na ala ájá ruo mita 1.5 cm. Mgbe 3-4 Ome pụtara na Ome, epulite na-kụrụ na griin haus. Oge mbụ seedlings ga-oge ntoju mgbe afọ 3-5, mgbe ahụ ọ ga-ekwe omume ikpebi mmekọahụ ha na-akụ ha na-adịgide adịgide ebe.
Actinidia - cultivation na-elekọta
Osisi ubi, akuku na nlekọta nke a na-eme nke ọma, mkpụrụ na-emepụta ruo 20 kilogram nke tomato si ohia. Iwu ndị bụ isi nke na-eto eto:
- Kwachaa. Na ihe dị afọ 3-4 na oge okpomọkụ wepujie agbaji, osisi ndị na-edozi n'okpuru alaka na alaka, na-agba okpueze ahụ. A na-eme Liana n'ụdị nke onye na-akwado ya na ebe dị iche iche. Mgbe ọ dị afọ 8-10, a na-eme ọgwụgwọ actinidia na ịghagharịchaa nke ọma - maka oge oyi na-ahapụ nanị otu oghere 40 cm.
- Wintering. Mgbe owuwe ihe ubi, osisi ahụ jupụtara na sawdust na fir-tree lapnika dị nso na mgbọrọgwụ. Ha adịghị ewepụ osisi vaịn si na trellis.
- Ịgbachi. N'oge oke nke mkpụrụ osisi ahụ, ala dị nlezianya podpushivayut ruo omimi nke ihe karịrị 10 cm, na-elezi anya ọ dị mkpa ka ọ ghara imebi mgbọrọgwụ ndị dị n'elu oyi akwa.
Actinidia - elu mgbakwasa
Ịkụpụta ihe nke actinidia gụnyere ịmigharị osisi ahụ, ọ na-akpali mkpalite nke ome ọhụrụ, na-eme ka oyi sie ike. A na-emepụta ọgwụ nri n'oge ụbịa mgbe owuwe ihe ubi na ọnụego 1 square: 2 kilogram humus, 40 g nke superphosphate, 10 g nke potassium nnu. Na oge opupu ihe ubi, tupu okooko, akwa elu kwesịrị itinye mgbakwunye nke gram 30 nke nitrogen na 20 g nke potassium na phosphoric preparations kwa square mita.
Fatịlaịza Actinidia - atọ
A na-eme ka actinia na-ekpuchi n'ogige ahụ site na nkwụ nke ikuku - site n'ụtụtụ na mgbede. Na ihu igwe ọkụ, a na-awụsa mmiri mmiri na mmiri 6-8 n'okpuru ohia dị iche iche kwa izu maka oge ahịhịa ndụ dum, nke mere na liana anaghị ada akwụkwọ. A chọrọ ụwa maka mgbọrọgwụ mgbọrọgwụ, ma mmiri ekwesịghị ịdị na-acha na nso nso. Ọ bara uru ka ị na-eme ka mkpụrụ ahụ dị na 10-12 cm nke sawdust iji chekwaa mmiri.